@article{ author = {Sajid, Mohammed Sultan Mohiddi}, title = {Salbutamol-Induced Desensitization and Attempts to Resensitize In Vitro}, abstract ={The study was carried out to desensitize spontaneously active isolated chick rectum with salbutamol in log doses starting from 100 nanogram and resensitize with various drugs as a result to revive the desensitized tissue and respond to Salbutamol. The tissue response after desensitization to alpha, beta adrenergic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists was isotonically recorded for 10 minutes using thermostatically-controlled organ bath with aeration. The results with prazosin showed that the tissue recovered from desensitization and exhibited spontaneous motility and responded to salbutamol faster.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-256-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-256-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Saeed, Sheikh A and Anwar, Naheed and Jabeen, Qaiser and Gilani, Anwar Hussai}, title = {Aqueous Extract of Nigella sativa Seeds Suppresses Testicular Steroidogenesis In Mice Leydig Cells, in vitro}, abstract ={Nigella sativa (black seed) is an important medicinal herb with folkloric use in wide range of diseases. It is well studied for its biological activities. However, there is limited information regarding its effect on the male reproductive system. This study describes the effect of the aqueous extract of N. sativa (NSE) on testicular steroidogenesis from mice Leydig cells in vitro . Mice testicular cells were incubated in a media containing either no treatment or NSE or LH alone or combination of LH and NSE. Incubations were carried out for three hours in a shaking water bath at 34°C. Testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay. At all doses, NSE significantly ( p < 0.05) inhibited both basal and LH-stimulated in vitro testosterone secretion . At a dose of l000 µg, NSE inhibited 52% of basal testosterone and 97% of LH-stimulated testosterone, compared to control (0.32 ± 0.008 ng/ml) and LH alone (0.33 ± 0.01 ng/ml) respectively. Thus, it is concluded that that both the basal and the LH-stimulated secretion of testosterone from Leydig cells are suppressed significantly in the presence of different doses of NSE in vitro. However, further studies are needed to explore the effect of chronic treatment with NSE in male and its potential to be used as a contraceptive in male.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-255-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-255-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {moshrefjavadi, faezeh and Kadanejadian, Parisa and Nilforooshzade, Mohammad Ali and Yaghmayei, Parichehr and Mardani, Homeir}, title = {Study of Efficacy of Aqueous and Methanolic Extract of Green Tea on the Process of Opened Skin Wounds Healing in Male (NMRI) Mice Race}, abstract ={Green tea used for year has a popular cancer preventive activity. Researchers have showed green tea inhibited growth of cancer in the animals. This research has been done with awareness of positives effect of green tea, which is approved by researchers and the importance of treatment of opened skin wound. This work has been done experimentally. There were 56 male mice in 7 different groups. Different dose of water and alcohol such as 50, 150 and 300 m L were injected. After anaesthetizing the mice, skin wound was created on the back of the mice by a 6-mm punch. While the mice in control group were treated by normal saline, water and alcohol extract of green tea was injected around the wound on the back of each mouse. The dimensions of ulcers and the recovery percent of the wound in the 1 st , 3 rd , 5 th , 7 th , 10 th , 13 th and 15 th day of study were measured. Furthermore, the needful time for recovery was evaluated. Some histological studies were done as well. Two Specimen of wounds were supplied at 4 th , 7 th and 15 th day of the study. In this way, fibroblasts, inflammation, epitheleum and endothelial cell of blood vessels from the wounds were studied. The results show that there are no significant differences among control, water and alcohol groups in recovery processes ( p > 0.05 (. Evaluation of recovery processes showed there were significant differences among these groups on 7 th day of study ( p < 0.01 ( . Evaluation of recovery processes showed there were significant differences among three injected doses of study ( p < 0.001). The degree of differences in fibroblasts, inflammation and epithelium distortion in different days for 6 groups ( p < 0.05) was meaningful. According to these findings, although both water and alcohol extracts of green tea speed up the wound healing, there isn&#039;t any difference between the uses of water or alcohol extracts.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {9-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-254-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-254-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Amani, Firouz and Shaker, Afshin and Soltanmohamaadzadeh, Mohamaadsadegh}, title = {Prescribing pattern and Drug indicators in Patients Visited by General Practitioners and Specialists in Ardabil City of Iran}, abstract ={Drug is an important and strategic commodity and a basic need of the people in all countries. The aim of this study is to determine the drug use patterns and descriptive analysis of prescriptions of doctors in Ardabil city of Iran. A retrospective study was carried out on 2000 randomly-selected prescriptions. Data were obtained on demographics, prescribing indexes and analyzed by descriptive statistical methods by SPSS software. Of the 2000 prescriptions, 822 (41%) and 1178 (59%) were for men and women, respectively, by a female to male ratio of 1:0.69. The mean age of the patients was 31.6 ± 21.3 years, ranging from one to 91. 1306 (65.3%) of all prescriptions were for general practitioners and the rest for specialists. The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.58 ± 1.3, ranging from 1 to 9 drugs. Dexamethasone (219, 24.7%) was the most frequently-prescribed medicine. Results demonstrated that the average number of drugs per prescription and the rate of prescribing injectable drugs were more than world standards and it is necessary to reduce these indexes and irrational use of drugs through interfering with patients&#039; belief and physicians&#039; attitudes.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {15-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-253-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-253-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Goyal, Naveen and Sharma, Surendra Kr}, title = {Effects of Pluchea lanceolata Root Extract on Cisplatin induced Nausea and Vomiting in Rat Pica Model}, abstract ={Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutics against a wide range of cancers. However, it causes significant nausea and vomiting which limit its usefulness. In the present study, the effects of methanolic root extract of Pluchea lanceolata (DC.) C. B. Clarke , asteraceae ( MPL ) was investigated against cisplatin-induced nausea using a rat pica model. In rat pica model, rats react to cisplatin (emetic/nausea stimuli), with altered feeding habits, manifested by increased consumption of kaolin. The pica in rats was measured to quantify cisplatin-induced nausea, and to evaluate the protective effect of pretreatment with MPL given orally. Cisplatin at 3 mg/kg (i.p.) induced significant pica indicated by reduced food intake and increased kaolin consumption, suggesting the presence of nausea/emesis. Cisplatin-induced pica decreased significantly when animals were pretreated with MPL at doses of 400 mg/kg p.o. ( p < 0.05). MPL pretreatment decreased cisplatin-induced kaolin intake in the rat model of simulated nausea, suggesting that MPL and/or its active constituent(s) may play a therapeutic role as protective against chemotherapy-induced emesis.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-252-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-252-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ittiyavirah, Sibi Perumbamkudiyil and George, Ann and Santhosh, Anju M and Kurian, Sudhi T and Pappachan, Prinsy and Jacob, Gifty}, title = {Studies of Cytotoxic Potential of Cucumis melo. Linn Fruit Aqueous Extract in Prostate Cancer Cell lines PC-3 Using MTT and Neutral Red Assay}, abstract ={The objective of the study was to evaluate thecytotoxic effects of aqueous fruit extract of Cucumis melo in human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) using MTTand neutral red assays. The crude aqueous extract of C.melo was prepared by cold maceration method, filtered,concentrated and tested on PC-3 cell line. Dose-dependent cytotoxic activitieswere exhibited by human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cell line. As the dose of theextract increased, the number of viable cells decreased. This confirms the anti-cancerand cytotoxic potential of the fruit of C.melo.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {24-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-251-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-251-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ittiyavirah, Sibi Perumbamkudiyil and T, Rahees}, title = {Tinosporacordifolia: A Potential Plant with Immunomodulatory Activity}, abstract ={Immunomodulation is a procedure, which can alter the immune system of an organism by interfering its function. Modulation of immune system may result in suppression or stimulation of immunological reactivity. Recently the effect of immunomodulators in the treatment of various diseases is significant. Tinosporacordifolia is a widely used shrub in ayurvedic system of medicine. It is reported to benefit the immune system in a variety of ways. The medicinal properties incorporated with this plant are anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-neoplastic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cognitive, adaptogenic, aphrodisiac, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effect. Many compounds belonging to different classes such as alkaloids, diterpenoids, phenol, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides have been isolated from this plant. But it is not well known that which of these compounds are responsible for various activities. Therefore, it needs further exploration of its components, pharmacological action and mechanism of action. This review presents a detail survey of literature on immunomodulatory properties of T.cordifolia . The main aim of the survey is to reinforce scientific reconfirmation of its immunological activities and human studies.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {30-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-250-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-250-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Hossein Ali and Ebrahimi, Saee}, title = {Dopa-Responsive Dystonia after used Lamotrigine: Case reports}, abstract ={Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder affecting approximately 1% of the population. The prevalence of active epilepsy in Kerman,Iran is 7.87/1000 individuals. The past decade has brought many advances to the treatment of epilepsy, including many new pharmacological agents. Lamotrigine is one of the new antiepileptic drugs. Lamotrigine has many side effects; the most important of which are allergic reactions. In this article, the author reports two cases of dopa- responsive dystonia (DRD) after few months administration of lamotrigine for epilepsy. The cases are two girls (4 and 5 years old) who had seizures and received lamotrigine 50 mg/day. They have been free of seizure after treatment but after some time the dystonic attacks developed. Lamotrigine administration discontinued, but dystonic attacks didn’t disappear. Levodopa /carbidopa was started. After a few days, the dystonic pastures disappeared. In conclusion, lamotrigine may introduce dystonia in susceptible patients. These dystonic attacks might beresponsive to levodopa.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-249-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-249-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} }