<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>2</title>
<title_fa>1</title_fa>
<short_title>3</short_title>
<subject>Literature &amp; Humanities</subject>
<web_url>http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>9</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>10</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii>8</journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>7</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid>14</journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai>8888</journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science>13</journal_id_science>
<language>en</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1381</year>
	<month>8</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2002</year>
	<month>11</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>1</volume>
<number>2</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>en</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa></title_fa>
	<title>The Comparative Effects of Four Antihistamines on Isolated Rat Atria</title>
	<subject_fa></subject_fa>
	<subject></subject>
	<content_type_fa>پژوهشي</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Research Article</content_type>
	<abstract_fa></abstract_fa>
	<abstract>It has been reported that some of H1 receptor antagonists have important effects on cardiovascular system. Terfenadine as a non-sedative H1 receptor antagonist has an arrhythmogenic activity. In this study we have shown the effects of four antihistamine drugs: terfenadine, loratadine, clemastine and diphenhydramine, on the rate and contractions of isolated rat atria. Terfenadine (1-10 µM) caused a negative chronotropic effect (19.5-80%) and arrhythmia after 10 min. followed by a decrease in the contractile force by (7.5%), and finally after 45 min. asystolia occurred. Loratadine (30-150 µM) decreased the rate of contractions (10-82%) after 10 min. the contractile force of atria was decreased (10-19%) after 20 min. Loratadine did not produce any arrhythmia. Diphenhydramine (5-20 µM) produced bradycardia (14.5-43%) after 20 min and decreased the contractile force (2.5-40%) after 40 min. Clemastine (3-10 µM) produced negative chronotropic and inotropic effect by (11.5-42%) and (10-58%) respectively. These findings indicate that all four drugs caused bradycardia and reduced contractile force, but in the case of terfenadine, it also had arrhythmogenic activity. Loratadine had the least cardiotoxic effect.</abstract>
	<keyword_fa></keyword_fa>
	<keyword></keyword>
	<start_page>20</start_page>
	<end_page>0</end_page>
	<web_url>http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-100-27&amp;slc_lang=en&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Abbas</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Pousti</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460056</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460056</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Golrokh</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Malihi</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460057</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460057</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Azam</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Bakhtiarian</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460058</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460058</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


	<author>
	<first_name>Zahra</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Abdollahi</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa></first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa></last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email></email>
	<code>100319475328460059</code>
	<orcid>100319475328460059</orcid>
	<coreauthor>No</coreauthor>
	<affiliation></affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa></affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
