2024-03-29T14:28:56+04:30 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=26&slc_lang=en&sid=1
26-280 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Antioxidant potential and hepatoprotectivity of hydromethanolic extract of Litchi chinensis fruits: In vivo and in vitro studies Sagar Naskar Upal Kanti Mazumder The antioxidant activity and phytoconstituents of the hydromethanolic extract of Litchi chinensis (HELC) fruit was explored in the present study. The antioxidant potential of extract has been evaluated using several antioxidant models and results were compared to standards. Fruit extract showed effective reducing power and free radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner. In case of in vitro studies, the IC 50 values were found to be 100, 525, 550 and 1000 ?g/ml respectively in DPPH, Superoxide, Hydroxyl radical and Nitric oxide scavenging assays. In case of in vivo studies, the levels of liver enzymatic [Serum glutamate oxalo-acetate (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate (SGPT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD)], non-enzymatic systems [Glutathione (GSH)] and Lipid peroxidation (LPO) level were restored toward the normal value in HELC-treated carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity which suggest the hepatoprotective effect of Litchi chinensis in rats. The antioxidant activity of Litchi chinensis may be due to the presence of phenolic (pyrocatechol and gallic acid content is 5.7 and 2.81 ?g/mg respectively), vitamin C (ascorbic acid content is 0.943 ?g/mg) and flavonoid compounds (5.415 ?g/mg) present in HELC. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the Litchi chinensis fruit is a potential source of natural antioxidant. 2016 8 01 1 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-280-en.pdf
26-278 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Effect of hydro alcoholic extract of Purslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) on kidney of aging model induced by D-galactose in female mice Akram Ahangarpour Ali Akbar Oroojan Layasadat Khorsandi Zohreh Lamoochi This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Purslane hydro alcoholic extract on blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and kidney histopathology of kidney aging model induced by D-galactose in female mice. In this experimental study, 72 female Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice (30-35 g) were randomly divided into six groups including: control, Purslane, D-galactose, D-galactose + Purslane, Aging and Aging + Purslane. The aging model was subcutaneously injected by D-galactose for 45 days, and Purslane hydro alcoholic extract was orally gavaged in the last 21 days. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, serum samples and kidney tissue were immediately collected to evaluate BUN, Cr and kidney histopathology.There were no significant differences in serum BUN levels between all groups, but Cr levels increased in D-galactose compared to control ( p <0.05) and Aging + Purslane compared to Aging group ( p <0.05). Further, D-galactose induced inflammation, tubular dilation, and brush border losses and, administration of Purslane hydro alcoholic extract improved these criteria.The present results indicate that Purslane hydro alcoholic extract has beneficial effects on kidney tissue of aging female mouse model. 2016 8 01 10 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-278-en.pdf
26-279 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 The involvement of mutation in the serine 83 of quinolone resistant determining regions of the GyrA Gene in resistance to ciprofloxacin in Escherichia coli . Sattar Ostadhadi Mohsen Rashidi Samira Zolfaghari Jalal Mardaneh Vahid Nikoui Appearance of bacteria resistant to antibacterial agents puts physicians in trouble and threatens the health of the world. The rapid development of bacterial resistance in Escherichia coli to ciprofloxacin makes difficult the treatment of infectious diseases. So, detection of the locations of possible mutations in gyrase A gene ( gyrA ) in these mutants is very important to determine the mechanism of this resistance. In the present study, ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants were isolated from medium containing ciprofloxacin. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the gyrA gene in these mutants and DNA sequencing was used to determine the location of mutation in this gene. Results showed that the most of ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants contain mutations in quinolone resistance- determining region (QRDR) of A subunit of DNA gyrase and specially at serine 83. However, mutations outside of this region were also found at tyrosine 50 and alanine 119. In conclusion, this study confirms that mutation in serine 83 of QRDR in A subunit of DNA gyrase is the main cause of resistance to ciprofloxacin in E. coli. 2016 8 01 16 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-279-en.pdf
26-277 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Computation of In Vivo Antidiabetic Activity of Holarrhena Antidysenterica Seeds Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Yakub Sheikh Manish Singh Manral Vinod Kathait Bharat Prasar Rajesh Kumar Ram Kumar Sahu Medicinal plants have curative properties due to the presence of various complex chemical compositions, which are found as secondary plant metabolites in one or more parts of the plant. The aim of this study was to compute the antidiabetic activity of Holarrhena antidysenterica   seeds extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The experimental protocol designed as animals were divided into six groups (n=6) as control, diabetic control, Glibenclamide, methanol extract (MEHAD), petroleum ether extract (PEHAD) and aqueous extract (AEHAD). Except control group, other remaining groups were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg body weight) by single i.v. injection to induce diabetes. The diabetic rats were treated with the glibenclamide, MEHAD (250 mg/kg body weight), PEHAD (250 mg/kg body weight) and AEHAD (250 mg/kg body weight) for 18 days.  The fasting plasma glucose level, body weight, fasting serum glucose level, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, total protein, blood urea, urine glucose and liver glycogen levels were determined. The diabetic rats treated with MEHAD, PEHAD and AEHAD showed significant reduction in fasting serum glucose, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, total protein, blood urea, urine glucose and protection from the loss of body weight and increase in liver glycogen content during the treatment period. These effects were comparable to those seen in the glibenclamide-treated group of rats. This suggests that the Holarrhena antidysenterica seed extracts posses antidiabetic activity and further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of action and to know the active principles involved in producing the effect. 2016 8 01 22 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-277-en.pdf
26-276 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Antidiabetic Activity of Methanolic Leaf Extract and Different Fractions of Zephyranthes Candida in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats Ravindrababu Pingili Sridhar Vemulapalli Surya Sandeep Mullapudi Sivaramakrishna Kondru Naveen Babu Kilaru Since long back, herbal medicines have been the highly-esteemed source of medicine; therefore, they have become a growing part of modern, high-tech medicine. Zephyranthes candida (ZC) has been mentioned in the Indian System of Traditional Medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of methanolic leaf extract of Zephyranthes candida (MLZ) and its different fractions in healthy and Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Healthy wistar and STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with MLZ (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) and glipizide (5 mg/kg) for 21 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected from the retro orbital plexus on 1 st , 8 th , 15 th and 21 st day. In another study, STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with glipizide (5 mg/kg), fraction I [hexane: ethyl acetate (1:1)], fraction II [chloroform: methanol (1:1)] and fraction III [chloroform: methanol (2:8)]. Blood glucose levels and lipid profiles were determined using ERBA, semiautoanalyzer. The methanolic extract was further analyzed for phytochemical analysis. MLZ (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) showed a signi?cant reduction in blood glucose levels which were comparable to that of the standard anti-diabetic drug, glipizide. The total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoproteins levels were significantly reduced by MLZ in diabetic rats. All the three fractions are also reduced the blood glucose levels after single oral administration ( p<0.01 ). In phytochemical analysis, MLZ showed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides and alkaloids. The present study results indicated that Zephyranthes Candida possess anti-diabetic and lipid lowering effects may be due to the antioxidant activity of flavonoids or alkaloids. Further studies are needed to elucidate the structures and to evaluate the exact mechanism of anti-diabetic action of the active components. 2016 8 01 28 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-276-en.pdf
26-275 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Effects of Pistacia Vera Hydro-Alcoholic Extract on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Rats Fereshteh Iranmanesh Amir Mousaei Amin Ali Shamsizadeh Iman Fatemi Aliakbar Malaki Rad Amir Rahnama Oxidizing agents play a major role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Pistacia vera (P. vera), contains many antioxidant substances including coenzyme 10, vitamin E and beta-carotene. The current study was designed to evaluate the probable effects of P. vera on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in male rats. Frothy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups including normal, hepatotoxic (CCl4) and P. vera 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg + CCl4. P. vera extract (p.o., daily for 4 weeks) and CCl4 (1 ml/kg two times during the first week of study, 50% v/v in olive oil, i.p.) were administered to the animals. Serum analysis was performed to assay the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Hepatic necrosis and inflammation were evaluated by histopathological examination (hematoxylin and eosin staining) of liver section. CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity was evidenced by considerable increase in serum levels of ALT, AST and LDL ( p < 0.05). Also, administration of CCl4 induced congestion in central vein and lymphocyte in?ltration. Gavage of hydro-alcoholic extract of P. vera (10, 50, 100 mg/kg) significantly decreased mentioned indices ( p <0.05). Histological analysis demonstrated that gavage of different doses of extract significantly decreased inflammation and tissue necrosis ( p < 0.05). Our findings indicate hepatoprotective effects of the hydro-alcoholic extract of P. vera on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. 2016 8 01 35 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-275-en.pdf
26-274 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Effect of Propolis on Immunotoxicity Induced by Phenol Subchronic Use in Adult Albino Rats Said Said Elshama Hosam-Eldin Hussein Osman Ayman EL-Kenawy Phenol is naturally found in some foods and animal wastes. It is also used as a disinfectant, insecticide and in some pharmaceutical products. Immunotoxicity is considered to be one of the harmful health effects of phenol. Propolis is a mixture of beeswax and resins; it has an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effect. This study investigates effect of propolis on immunotoxicity induced by phenol subchronic use in rats by assessment of the serum immunoglobulins, total and differential blood cells count, immune organs weight and histopathological changes of thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. Eighty adult albino rats were divided into four groups; each group consisted of twenty rats. The control group received water, the second group received phenol only, third group received propolis and the fourth group received propolis with phenol for 90 days via gastric gavage. Phenol Subchronic use led to immunotoxicity manifestations such as a decrease in the serum immunoglobulins and blood cells count, disturbance in the differential white blood cells count, decrease in the rats body, thymus and spleen weight, and histopathological changes in thymus, spleen and lymph nodes that were improved by propolis administration. Concurrent use of propolis with phenol ameliorates phenol-induced immunotoxicity. 2016 8 01 41 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-274-en.pdf
26-273 2024-03-29 10.1002
Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics 3 9 10 7 2016 14 2 Synthesis of novel amino-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle functionalized with ciprofloxacin (AF-Fe3O4-NP@cpf) and study of its effect on Cu(II) and Ni(II) adsorption Fariba Abdollahi Azadeh Pirisedigh Mohammad Abbasinazari Afshin Mohammad –Alizadeh Homa Azizian Ciprofloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1- piperazinyl) - 3-quinoline carboxylic acid, cpfH) is a member of synthetic antibacterial agent widely used in clinical practice for the treatment of various gram negative and positive microorganisms. In concurrent use of ciprofloxacin with cations, they may bind together and result to formation complex by chelating. Formation of chelates ultimately reduces drug adsorption from the gastrointestinal tract. So, it is recommended a minimum of 2-hour interval between usage of ciprofloxacin and compounds containing cations. The aim of this study was to develop a novel amino-coated magnetic nanoparticle Fe 3 O 4 functionalized by ciprofloxacin (AF-Fe 3 O 4 -NP@cpf) to study the amount of cation which adsorbed on ciprofloxacin by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The synthesized AF-Fe 3 O 4 -NP@cpf was characterized using FT-IR, VSM and TEM. Separation of the adsorbed elements from reactive environment was fascinated with the aid of a magnet. The amount of residual metal in the solution was measured by AAS. Moreover our study investigated the effects of various conditions, such as pH, amount of nanoparticle and contact time of drug and metal in complex formation. The optimal condition of Cu(II) and Ni(II) absorbing was obtained. 2016 8 01 50 0 http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-273-en.pdf