@article{ author = {Sajid, Mohammed Sultan Mohiddi}, title = {Salbutamol-Induced Desensitization and Attempts to Resensitize In Vitro}, abstract ={The study was carried out to desensitize spontaneously active isolated chick rectum with salbutamol in log doses starting from 100 nanogram and resensitize with various drugs as a result to revive the desensitized tissue and respond to Salbutamol. The tissue response after desensitization to alpha, beta adrenergic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists was isotonically recorded for 10 minutes using thermostatically-controlled organ bath with aeration. The results with prazosin showed that the tissue recovered from desensitization and exhibited spontaneous motility and responded to salbutamol faster.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-256-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-256-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Saeed, Sheikh A and Anwar, Naheed and Jabeen, Qaiser and Gilani, Anwar Hussai}, title = {Aqueous Extract of Nigella sativa Seeds Suppresses Testicular Steroidogenesis In Mice Leydig Cells, in vitro}, abstract ={Nigella sativa (black seed) is an important medicinal herb with folkloric use in wide range of diseases. It is well studied for its biological activities. However, there is limited information regarding its effect on the male reproductive system. This study describes the effect of the aqueous extract of N. sativa (NSE) on testicular steroidogenesis from mice Leydig cells in vitro . Mice testicular cells were incubated in a media containing either no treatment or NSE or LH alone or combination of LH and NSE. Incubations were carried out for three hours in a shaking water bath at 34°C. Testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay. At all doses, NSE significantly ( p < 0.05) inhibited both basal and LH-stimulated in vitro testosterone secretion . At a dose of l000 µg, NSE inhibited 52% of basal testosterone and 97% of LH-stimulated testosterone, compared to control (0.32 ± 0.008 ng/ml) and LH alone (0.33 ± 0.01 ng/ml) respectively. Thus, it is concluded that that both the basal and the LH-stimulated secretion of testosterone from Leydig cells are suppressed significantly in the presence of different doses of NSE in vitro. However, further studies are needed to explore the effect of chronic treatment with NSE in male and its potential to be used as a contraceptive in male.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-255-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-255-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {moshrefjavadi, faezeh and Kadanejadian, Parisa and Nilforooshzade, Mohammad Ali and Yaghmayei, Parichehr and Mardani, Homeir}, title = {Study of Efficacy of Aqueous and Methanolic Extract of Green Tea on the Process of Opened Skin Wounds Healing in Male (NMRI) Mice Race}, abstract ={Green tea used for year has a popular cancer preventive activity. Researchers have showed green tea inhibited growth of cancer in the animals. This research has been done with awareness of positives effect of green tea, which is approved by researchers and the importance of treatment of opened skin wound. This work has been done experimentally. There were 56 male mice in 7 different groups. Different dose of water and alcohol such as 50, 150 and 300 m L were injected. After anaesthetizing the mice, skin wound was created on the back of the mice by a 6-mm punch. While the mice in control group were treated by normal saline, water and alcohol extract of green tea was injected around the wound on the back of each mouse. The dimensions of ulcers and the recovery percent of the wound in the 1 st , 3 rd , 5 th , 7 th , 10 th , 13 th and 15 th day of study were measured. Furthermore, the needful time for recovery was evaluated. Some histological studies were done as well. Two Specimen of wounds were supplied at 4 th , 7 th and 15 th day of the study. In this way, fibroblasts, inflammation, epitheleum and endothelial cell of blood vessels from the wounds were studied. The results show that there are no significant differences among control, water and alcohol groups in recovery processes ( p > 0.05 (. Evaluation of recovery processes showed there were significant differences among these groups on 7 th day of study ( p < 0.01 ( . Evaluation of recovery processes showed there were significant differences among three injected doses of study ( p < 0.001). The degree of differences in fibroblasts, inflammation and epithelium distortion in different days for 6 groups ( p < 0.05) was meaningful. According to these findings, although both water and alcohol extracts of green tea speed up the wound healing, there isn&#039;t any difference between the uses of water or alcohol extracts.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {9-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-254-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-254-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Amani, Firouz and Shaker, Afshin and Soltanmohamaadzadeh, Mohamaadsadegh}, title = {Prescribing pattern and Drug indicators in Patients Visited by General Practitioners and Specialists in Ardabil City of Iran}, abstract ={Drug is an important and strategic commodity and a basic need of the people in all countries. The aim of this study is to determine the drug use patterns and descriptive analysis of prescriptions of doctors in Ardabil city of Iran. A retrospective study was carried out on 2000 randomly-selected prescriptions. Data were obtained on demographics, prescribing indexes and analyzed by descriptive statistical methods by SPSS software. Of the 2000 prescriptions, 822 (41%) and 1178 (59%) were for men and women, respectively, by a female to male ratio of 1:0.69. The mean age of the patients was 31.6 ± 21.3 years, ranging from one to 91. 1306 (65.3%) of all prescriptions were for general practitioners and the rest for specialists. The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.58 ± 1.3, ranging from 1 to 9 drugs. Dexamethasone (219, 24.7%) was the most frequently-prescribed medicine. Results demonstrated that the average number of drugs per prescription and the rate of prescribing injectable drugs were more than world standards and it is necessary to reduce these indexes and irrational use of drugs through interfering with patients&#039; belief and physicians&#039; attitudes.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {15-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-253-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-253-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Goyal, Naveen and Sharma, Surendra Kr}, title = {Effects of Pluchea lanceolata Root Extract on Cisplatin induced Nausea and Vomiting in Rat Pica Model}, abstract ={Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutics against a wide range of cancers. However, it causes significant nausea and vomiting which limit its usefulness. In the present study, the effects of methanolic root extract of Pluchea lanceolata (DC.) C. B. Clarke , asteraceae ( MPL ) was investigated against cisplatin-induced nausea using a rat pica model. In rat pica model, rats react to cisplatin (emetic/nausea stimuli), with altered feeding habits, manifested by increased consumption of kaolin. The pica in rats was measured to quantify cisplatin-induced nausea, and to evaluate the protective effect of pretreatment with MPL given orally. Cisplatin at 3 mg/kg (i.p.) induced significant pica indicated by reduced food intake and increased kaolin consumption, suggesting the presence of nausea/emesis. Cisplatin-induced pica decreased significantly when animals were pretreated with MPL at doses of 400 mg/kg p.o. ( p < 0.05). MPL pretreatment decreased cisplatin-induced kaolin intake in the rat model of simulated nausea, suggesting that MPL and/or its active constituent(s) may play a therapeutic role as protective against chemotherapy-induced emesis.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {19-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-252-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-252-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ittiyavirah, Sibi Perumbamkudiyil and George, Ann and Santhosh, Anju M and Kurian, Sudhi T and Pappachan, Prinsy and Jacob, Gifty}, title = {Studies of Cytotoxic Potential of Cucumis melo. Linn Fruit Aqueous Extract in Prostate Cancer Cell lines PC-3 Using MTT and Neutral Red Assay}, abstract ={The objective of the study was to evaluate thecytotoxic effects of aqueous fruit extract of Cucumis melo in human prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) using MTTand neutral red assays. The crude aqueous extract of C.melo was prepared by cold maceration method, filtered,concentrated and tested on PC-3 cell line. Dose-dependent cytotoxic activitieswere exhibited by human prostate carcinoma PC-3 cell line. As the dose of theextract increased, the number of viable cells decreased. This confirms the anti-cancerand cytotoxic potential of the fruit of C.melo.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {24-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-251-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-251-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ittiyavirah, Sibi Perumbamkudiyil and T, Rahees}, title = {Tinosporacordifolia: A Potential Plant with Immunomodulatory Activity}, abstract ={Immunomodulation is a procedure, which can alter the immune system of an organism by interfering its function. Modulation of immune system may result in suppression or stimulation of immunological reactivity. Recently the effect of immunomodulators in the treatment of various diseases is significant. Tinosporacordifolia is a widely used shrub in ayurvedic system of medicine. It is reported to benefit the immune system in a variety of ways. The medicinal properties incorporated with this plant are anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic, anti-neoplastic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cognitive, adaptogenic, aphrodisiac, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effect. Many compounds belonging to different classes such as alkaloids, diterpenoids, phenol, aliphatic compounds and polysaccharides have been isolated from this plant. But it is not well known that which of these compounds are responsible for various activities. Therefore, it needs further exploration of its components, pharmacological action and mechanism of action. This review presents a detail survey of literature on immunomodulatory properties of T.cordifolia . The main aim of the survey is to reinforce scientific reconfirmation of its immunological activities and human studies.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {30-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-250-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-250-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ebrahimi, Hossein Ali and Ebrahimi, Saee}, title = {Dopa-Responsive Dystonia after used Lamotrigine: Case reports}, abstract ={Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder affecting approximately 1% of the population. The prevalence of active epilepsy in Kerman,Iran is 7.87/1000 individuals. The past decade has brought many advances to the treatment of epilepsy, including many new pharmacological agents. Lamotrigine is one of the new antiepileptic drugs. Lamotrigine has many side effects; the most important of which are allergic reactions. In this article, the author reports two cases of dopa- responsive dystonia (DRD) after few months administration of lamotrigine for epilepsy. The cases are two girls (4 and 5 years old) who had seizures and received lamotrigine 50 mg/day. They have been free of seizure after treatment but after some time the dystonic attacks developed. Lamotrigine administration discontinued, but dystonic attacks didn’t disappear. Levodopa /carbidopa was started. After a few days, the dystonic pastures disappeared. In conclusion, lamotrigine may introduce dystonia in susceptible patients. These dystonic attacks might beresponsive to levodopa.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-249-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-249-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Thirupathi, K. and krishna, D. R. and KrishnaMohan, G.}, title = {Antidiabetic Effect of Kernals of Balanites roxburghii in Normal and Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats}, abstract ={The antidiabetic activity of Balanites roxburghii was carried out in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of methanolic extract of kernals (0.1 and 0.3g/kg body weight) significantly lowered the blood glucose levels. The activity can be attributed to reducing the intestinal absorption of glucose. The activity reported was dose-dependent.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {42-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-263-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-263-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ansari, Mobeen S. and Somani, Rahul S. and Pawar, Shrikant S.}, title = {Effect of Circadian Rhythm on Antiulcer Activity of Hydroxyzine in Cold Stress Induced Ulcer in Wistar Albino Rats}, abstract ={Circadian rhythms are driven by endogenous clock gene and affects in several gastric parameters causing ulcerogenesis. The study was aimed to evaluate the time dependent antiulcer activity of hydroxyzine in cold-stress-induced ulcer model. The ulcer protection effect of hydroxyzine was studied at various time intervals (9 am, 1 pm, 5 pm, 91 pm, 1 am and 5 am) in cold stress ulcer model using wistar albino rats. Comparison of hydroxyzine and control group showed significant ( p <0.05) decrease in gastric acidity at 9 pm. The free acidity was reduced significantly ( p <0.001) at 5 am within 24 h time. No significant change was observed in free acidity in control and hydroxyzine-treated animals. The total acidity was significantly ( p <0.001) reduced in hydroxyzine group at 5 am within 24 h time. Comparison between hydroxyzine and control group at 1 am showed significant ( p <0.01) reduction in total acidity in hydroxyzine treated animals. Ulcer index was found to be significantly low ( p <0.001) in hydroxyzine-treated animals at 5 am within 24 h. The ulcer index of hydroxyzine-treated animals was significantly ( p <0.001) reduced at 9 am as compared with control group of 9 am. Lipid peroxidation was significantly ( p <0.01) reduced in hydroxyzine-treated animals at 5 am within 24 h time. Mucin was significantly ( p <0.001) increased in hydroxyzine-treated animals at 1 am within 24-h time. The mucin content was significantly ( p <0.001) rose in hydroxyzine group at 5 am when compared to control at 5 am. The study reveals the role of biological clock on antiulcer activity of hydroxyzine.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {46-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-264-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-264-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ahmadvand, Hassan and Amiri, Hamze and DehghaniElmi, Zahra and Bagheri, Shahrokh}, title = {Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Ferula-assa-foetida Leaves Essential Oil}, abstract ={Recent investigations have shown that plants have antioxidant properties and could decrease oxidative stress in different human diseases. The present work was identified the chemical composition compounds and evaluated the various antoxidative activities of Ferula-assa-foetida leaves hydroalcoholic extract (FLHE) and Ferula-assa-foetida leaves essential oil (FLEO) . Radical scavenging activity of samples was assessed using Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total antioxidant capacity was assessed by methods phosphomolybdat. The amount of total phenol and flavonoid was assessed by Folin-Ciocalteu and Zhishen methods. Also, the components of FLEO were analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In FLHE and FLEO , total antioxidant capacity were 1.55 ± 0.13 and 1.09 ± 0.43 nmol, ascorbic acid equivalents/g, phenol content were 441.37 ± 2.50 and 76.56 ± 9.65 mg of Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, and flavonoid content was 12.53 ± 3.20 and 0.015 ± 0.002 mg of quercetin equivalents/100 g respectively. In the DPPH scavenging assay, the IC 50 values of FLHE, FLEO and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as reference were 787.13 ± 3.66; 2375.66 ± 5.13 and 3.88 ± 1 ?g/mL respectively . Also GC/MS data and retention indices for reference essential oil leaves samples were used to identify 12 constituents. These compounds made up a total of 85.57% of FLEO : Eremophilene ; ? -cadinene ; Longiborneol; Dehydro aromadendrene; Isoledene; ? -Gurjunene; J-Guaiene. This study showed that ferula-assa-foetida has good antioxidant properties. As it is an easily-accessible source of natural antioxidants such as Eremophilene and ? -cadinene, it may be suitable for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {52-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {AlamRipa, Farhana and Habib, Afroz}, title = {Anti-inflammatory and Anti-diarrheal Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Seeds and Peel of Nephelium longan Fruits in Rats}, abstract ={Herbal medicines are playing a vital role in the remedy of numerous diseases. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic extracts of seeds (MNLS) and peel (MNLP) of Nephelium longan revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. For antidairrheal screening, we have followed Castor-oil-induced method whereas to check anti-inflammatory property, we used carrageenan-iduced rat paw edema in Long-Evan rats. Two doses (250 and 500 mg/Kg) of the extracts and one dose of indomethacin as reference was used. Both extracts significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced the formation of oedema induced by carrageenan in a dose-depending manner. MNLP and MNLS also exhibited anti-diarrheal action in dose-depending manner and all the results were found to be significant ( p < 0.05) in comparison to loperamide. The outcomes indicate the potent anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrhoeal effects of N longan extracts on living models which are comparable with those of standard drugs such as indomethacin and loperamide respectively and support their conventional uses as medicine.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-261-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-261-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Shomali, Tahoora and Tadjalli, Mina and AkhavanTaheri, Rez}, title = {Niacin Exacerbates Methyl Prednisolone-Induced Bone Changes in Growing Rats}, abstract ={Positive role of niacin on serum lipid profile of rats treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) has been reported. This study aims to evaluate effect of niacin on bone changes in GC-induced dyslipidemic rats. A number of 28 growing rats divided into four groups and treated as control, Methyl prednisolone (MP) group (3.5 mg/kg five days a week, SC); MPN group (MP + niacin 200 mg/kg/day orally) and MPA group (MP + alendronate 0.03 mg/kg/day, SC). After 4 weeks, serum lipid profile and histomorphometric parameters including trabecular width (Tb.Wi), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) and number (Tb.N), bone area/tissue area (B.Ar/T.Ar) and osteoid thickness (O.Th) in metaphyseal side of growth plate of femoral head were determined. Obvious dyslipidemia and decreased B.Ar/T.Ar and O.Th were observed in MP group. Niacin alleviated dyslipidemia, however MPN rats had appreciably lower Tb.N and higher Tb.Sp as compared to MP group. Alendronate had a moderate positive effect on bone changes. Although niacin effectively ameliorates GC-induced dyslipidemia in growing rats, it may exacerbate bone changes.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {62-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-260-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-260-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Sedighi, Behnaz and Seifaddini, Rostam and Iranmanesh, Farhad and MehrAlhasani, Yasem}, title = {Antiepileptic Drugs and Mental Health Status of Patients with Epilepsy}, abstract ={Many patients with epilepsy suffer also from coexisting psychological problems. These mental co-morbidities have a significant impact on quality of life of patients with epilepsy. Recent studies have shown that although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) treat epilepsy, they may increase risk of mental disorders in these patients . Due to the lack of adequate research in this area, we assessed psychiatric disorders in patients with idiopathic tonic-clonic seizure who were treated with antiepileptic drugs . This descriptive-cross-sectional research was conducted on 170 patients with tonic-clonic seizure using the SCL-90-R questionnaire and the results were analyzed by descriptive statistics, T test and chi-square test . The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients was 38.8%. All antiepileptic drugs were associated with different kind of mental disorders but there wasn’t any relationship between mental disorders and any type of antiepileptic drug except psychosis that was significantly lower in sodium valproate consumers ( p ? 0.001). Our findings show that a subgroup of epileptic patients is generally prone to develop mental disorders during antiepileptic therapy, despite different pharmacological properties of the AEDs. Negative psychotropic effects of AEDs should be considered in treatment of patients with epilepsy.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {66-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-259-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-259-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Rabbani, Syed Arman and Ali, Syed Mahtab}, title = {Pharmacological Studies on Khamira Marwarid: Effect on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures, Cognition and Biochemical Markers in Mice}, abstract ={Cognitive impairment in epileptics may be a consequence of the epileptogenic process as well as antiepileptic medication. Thus, there is need for drugs, which can suppress epileptogenesis as well as prevent cognitive impairment. In the present study, the effect of Khamira Marwarid (KAH 1 ), a formulation based on Indian system of Unani medicine, was evaluated on the course of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures, learning deficit and oxidative stress markers in mice. Male albino mice were injected PTZ (65 mg/kg sc) on the 5 th day of the treatment for the development of seizures. Spontaneous Alternation Behaviour was carried out on the 1 st and the 5 th day of the treatment after PTZ administration, while the oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde and glutathione) were measured in the whole brain upon the completion of the behavioural assessment. The administration of Khamira Marwarid (KAH 1 ), 50 mg/kg significantly decreased the PTZ-induced seizures and showed improvement in the learning deficit induced by PTZ as evidenced by the increased latency time and frequency of jerks and improvement in SAB. The findings suggest the potential of Khamira Marwarid (KAH 1 ) as adjuvant to antiepileptic drugs with an added advantage of preventing cognitive impairment.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {71-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-258-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-258-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Torabi, Mehdi}, title = {Successful Treatment of Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning: A Case Report}, abstract ={Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is used to kill rodents in grain storage. It produces phosphine gas which is toxic for mitochondria. The exact mechanism of action is unclear, but phosphine is thought to produce toxicity by blocking cytochrome-c oxidase, which inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and result in cell death. This poisoning has a high mortality, and survival is unlikely if more than 1.5 g is ingested. Shock is the commonest and most important clinical feature and cause of death in phosphine poisoning. AlP poisoning if not treated causes death within 24 hours, presumably due to cardiogenic shock. The high mortality is due to the rapid onset of shock, metabolic acidosis, cardiac arrhythmias and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Here, a case of 27–year-old woman with intentional ingestion 2 AlP tablets (6 g) is reported. She was admitted to Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman with symptoms and signs of shock. Because of refractory hypotension to crystalloid and vasopressor, we started glucagon. After 72 hours, there was no symptom and sign of shock, vital signs became stable and drugs were tapered. She was discharged to psychiatry ward 6 days after initial admission with full recovery. In Conclusion, early administration of glucagon to AlP poisoning patients in refractory shock may be helpful but this needs to be confirmed by further studies.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {77-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-257-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-257-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} }