@article{ author = {Minuchehr, Zarrin and Goliaei, Bahram}, title = {Protein Databases}, abstract ={Proteins are sources of many peptides with diverse biological activity. Some of them are considered as valuable components of foods and drug targets with desired and designed biological activity. We are now entering an era rich in biological data in which the field of bioinformatics is poised to exploit this information in increasingly powerful ways. There are currently many databases all over the world housing information that floods from the genome project. Nevertheless, as databases become more comprehensive, as the volume of sequence data expands and search outputs become more complex, the different databases play an increasingly major role in the post genomic era. However, the rate of sequence generation and overwhelmingly proliferation of databases have made it difficult to keep up with developments. Researchers now need rapid, easy to use, reliable tools for their use in functional characterization of newly determined sequences. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the status of protein databases available in the World Wide Web. As this is a fast moving area, a list of all the mentioned databases along with their current URLs are presented in a table at the end of the article.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {1-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-30-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-30-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Gupta, Malaya and Mazumder, Upal Kanti and Kumar, Thangavel Siva and Gomathi, Periyasamy and Kumar, Ramanathan Sambath}, title = {Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Effects of Bauhinia racemosa Against Paracetamol and Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Damage in Rats}, abstract ={The methanol extract of Bauhinia racemosa Lam. (Caesalpiniaceae) stem bark was investigated for the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects in Wistar albino rats. Different groups of animals were administered with paracetamol (500 mg/kg, (p.o.) once in a day for 7 days) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (30 % CCl4, 1 ml/kg b.wt. in liquid paraffin 3 doses (i.p.) at 72 h interval). The methanol extract of Bauhinia racemosa (MEBR) at the doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg and silymarin 25 mg/kg were administered to the paracetamol and CCl4 treated rats. The effect of MEBR and silymarin on serum transaminase (SGOT, SGPT), alkaline phosphates (ALP), bilirubin and total protein were measured in the rats induced hepatotoxicity by paracetamol and CCl4. Further, the effects of the extract on lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were estimated. The MEBR and silymarin produced significant (P < 0.05) hepatoprotective effect by decreasing the activity of serum enzymes, bilirubin and lipid peroxidation and significantly (P < 0.05) increased the levels of GSH, SOD, CAT and protein in a dose dependant manner. MEBR also showed antioxidant effects on FeCl2-ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate and on superoxide scavenging activity. From these results, it was suggested that MEBR could protect the liver cells from paracetamol and CCl4-induced liver damages perhaps, by its antioxidative effect on hepatocytes, hence eliminating the deleterious effects of toxic metabolites from paracetamol or CCl4.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {12-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-29-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Ansari, Mehdi and Kazemipour, Maryam and Baradaran, Mehdi and Jalalizadeh, Hass}, title = {Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Losartan in Pharmaceutical Formulations}, abstract ={Losartan, a highly effective blood pressure lowering agent, has been widely used for the treatment of hypertension. A fast and reliable method for the determination of losartan was highly desirable to support formulation screening and quality control. A first derivative UV spectroscopic method was developed for determination of losartan in the tablet dosage form. The first derivative spectrum recorded between 220 and 320 nm, and a zero-crossing technique for first derivative measurement at 232.5 nm was selected. It is found that the selectivity and sensitivity of method to be in desirable range. In comparison with the direct UV method, the first derivative UV spectroscopy has a definite through without any interference from UV absorbing excipients. This method is also fast and economical in comparison to the more time-consuming HPLC method regularly used for formulation screening and quality control and can be used routinely by any laboratory possessing a spectrophotometer with a derivative accessory. The linear concentration ranges were 2-50 ?g/mL, (Dl = -0.0159C - 0.0056, r =0.9994, n=6). Between days CV% 2.9, within day CV% 2.1, analytical recovery close to 98.1 % shows the suitability of the method for determination in quality control.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {21-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-28-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2004} } @article{ author = {Pal, Swati and ChandraDebnath, Shiben and KumarDas, Shyamal and KumarChakraborty, Animesh and KumarMandal, Tap}, title = {The Pharmacokinetics of Rafoxanide following Single Dose Intravenous and Oral Administration in Goats}, abstract ={The study was conducted to determine the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters of rafoxanide after a single intravenous (10 mg/kg) and oral (22.5 mg/kg) administrations in black Bengal female goats. Maximum (87.63 11.71 mg/mL) and minimum (1.8 0.24 mg/mL) plasma concentrations of rafoxanide were recorded at 0.08 and 12 h respectively after i.v. administration. The elimination half life (t1/2b), total body clearance (ClB) and volume of distribution (Vdarea) values were 2.89 0.26 h, 0.05 0.002 L/kg/h and 0.19 0.02 L/kg respectively. An adequate plasma level of rafoxanide (14.63 2.12 mg/mL) was detected at 1h followed by gradual increase and peak concentration level (30.88 4.30 mg/mL) was recorded at 36 h after oral administration. The rate of absorption (Ka), elimination half life (t1/2 b), total body clearance (ClB) and volume of distribution (Vdarea) values were 0.07 0.009 h-1, 138.02 13.99 h, 0.003 0.0003 L/kg/h, and 0.57 0.06 L/kg respectively. Plasma protein binding percentages of rafoxanide varied from 81.06 to 92.28 and its association and dissociation constants were 1.26 107 0.18 107 L/mol and 0.83 10-7 0.12 10-7 mol/L respectively. On conclusion, rafoxanide is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, slowly eliminated; highly protein bound and persists for long time in blood of goat.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {3}, Number = {1}, pages = {26-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-27-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2004} }