@article{ author = {Thirupathi, K. and krishna, D. R. and KrishnaMohan, G.}, title = {Antidiabetic Effect of Kernals of Balanites roxburghii in Normal and Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats}, abstract ={The antidiabetic activity of Balanites roxburghii was carried out in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of methanolic extract of kernals (0.1 and 0.3g/kg body weight) significantly lowered the blood glucose levels. The activity can be attributed to reducing the intestinal absorption of glucose. The activity reported was dose-dependent.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {42-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-263-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-263-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ansari, Mobeen S. and Somani, Rahul S. and Pawar, Shrikant S.}, title = {Effect of Circadian Rhythm on Antiulcer Activity of Hydroxyzine in Cold Stress Induced Ulcer in Wistar Albino Rats}, abstract ={Circadian rhythms are driven by endogenous clock gene and affects in several gastric parameters causing ulcerogenesis. The study was aimed to evaluate the time dependent antiulcer activity of hydroxyzine in cold-stress-induced ulcer model. The ulcer protection effect of hydroxyzine was studied at various time intervals (9 am, 1 pm, 5 pm, 91 pm, 1 am and 5 am) in cold stress ulcer model using wistar albino rats. Comparison of hydroxyzine and control group showed significant ( p <0.05) decrease in gastric acidity at 9 pm. The free acidity was reduced significantly ( p <0.001) at 5 am within 24 h time. No significant change was observed in free acidity in control and hydroxyzine-treated animals. The total acidity was significantly ( p <0.001) reduced in hydroxyzine group at 5 am within 24 h time. Comparison between hydroxyzine and control group at 1 am showed significant ( p <0.01) reduction in total acidity in hydroxyzine treated animals. Ulcer index was found to be significantly low ( p <0.001) in hydroxyzine-treated animals at 5 am within 24 h. The ulcer index of hydroxyzine-treated animals was significantly ( p <0.001) reduced at 9 am as compared with control group of 9 am. Lipid peroxidation was significantly ( p <0.01) reduced in hydroxyzine-treated animals at 5 am within 24 h time. Mucin was significantly ( p <0.001) increased in hydroxyzine-treated animals at 1 am within 24-h time. The mucin content was significantly ( p <0.001) rose in hydroxyzine group at 5 am when compared to control at 5 am. The study reveals the role of biological clock on antiulcer activity of hydroxyzine.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {46-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-264-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-264-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Ahmadvand, Hassan and Amiri, Hamze and DehghaniElmi, Zahra and Bagheri, Shahrokh}, title = {Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Ferula-assa-foetida Leaves Essential Oil}, abstract ={Recent investigations have shown that plants have antioxidant properties and could decrease oxidative stress in different human diseases. The present work was identified the chemical composition compounds and evaluated the various antoxidative activities of Ferula-assa-foetida leaves hydroalcoholic extract (FLHE) and Ferula-assa-foetida leaves essential oil (FLEO) . Radical scavenging activity of samples was assessed using Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total antioxidant capacity was assessed by methods phosphomolybdat. The amount of total phenol and flavonoid was assessed by Folin-Ciocalteu and Zhishen methods. Also, the components of FLEO were analyzed with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In FLHE and FLEO , total antioxidant capacity were 1.55 ± 0.13 and 1.09 ± 0.43 nmol, ascorbic acid equivalents/g, phenol content were 441.37 ± 2.50 and 76.56 ± 9.65 mg of Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, and flavonoid content was 12.53 ± 3.20 and 0.015 ± 0.002 mg of quercetin equivalents/100 g respectively. In the DPPH scavenging assay, the IC 50 values of FLHE, FLEO and Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as reference were 787.13 ± 3.66; 2375.66 ± 5.13 and 3.88 ± 1 ?g/mL respectively . Also GC/MS data and retention indices for reference essential oil leaves samples were used to identify 12 constituents. These compounds made up a total of 85.57% of FLEO : Eremophilene ; ? -cadinene ; Longiborneol; Dehydro aromadendrene; Isoledene; ? -Gurjunene; J-Guaiene. This study showed that ferula-assa-foetida has good antioxidant properties. As it is an easily-accessible source of natural antioxidants such as Eremophilene and ? -cadinene, it may be suitable for use in food and pharmaceutical applications.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {52-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-262-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {AlamRipa, Farhana and Habib, Afroz}, title = {Anti-inflammatory and Anti-diarrheal Effects of Methanolic Extracts of Seeds and Peel of Nephelium longan Fruits in Rats}, abstract ={Herbal medicines are playing a vital role in the remedy of numerous diseases. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the methanolic extracts of seeds (MNLS) and peel (MNLP) of Nephelium longan revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids. For antidairrheal screening, we have followed Castor-oil-induced method whereas to check anti-inflammatory property, we used carrageenan-iduced rat paw edema in Long-Evan rats. Two doses (250 and 500 mg/Kg) of the extracts and one dose of indomethacin as reference was used. Both extracts significantly ( p < 0.05) reduced the formation of oedema induced by carrageenan in a dose-depending manner. MNLP and MNLS also exhibited anti-diarrheal action in dose-depending manner and all the results were found to be significant ( p < 0.05) in comparison to loperamide. The outcomes indicate the potent anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrhoeal effects of N longan extracts on living models which are comparable with those of standard drugs such as indomethacin and loperamide respectively and support their conventional uses as medicine.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {58-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-261-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-261-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Shomali, Tahoora and Tadjalli, Mina and AkhavanTaheri, Rez}, title = {Niacin Exacerbates Methyl Prednisolone-Induced Bone Changes in Growing Rats}, abstract ={Positive role of niacin on serum lipid profile of rats treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) has been reported. This study aims to evaluate effect of niacin on bone changes in GC-induced dyslipidemic rats. A number of 28 growing rats divided into four groups and treated as control, Methyl prednisolone (MP) group (3.5 mg/kg five days a week, SC); MPN group (MP + niacin 200 mg/kg/day orally) and MPA group (MP + alendronate 0.03 mg/kg/day, SC). After 4 weeks, serum lipid profile and histomorphometric parameters including trabecular width (Tb.Wi), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) and number (Tb.N), bone area/tissue area (B.Ar/T.Ar) and osteoid thickness (O.Th) in metaphyseal side of growth plate of femoral head were determined. Obvious dyslipidemia and decreased B.Ar/T.Ar and O.Th were observed in MP group. Niacin alleviated dyslipidemia, however MPN rats had appreciably lower Tb.N and higher Tb.Sp as compared to MP group. Alendronate had a moderate positive effect on bone changes. Although niacin effectively ameliorates GC-induced dyslipidemia in growing rats, it may exacerbate bone changes.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {62-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-260-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-260-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Sedighi, Behnaz and Seifaddini, Rostam and Iranmanesh, Farhad and MehrAlhasani, Yasem}, title = {Antiepileptic Drugs and Mental Health Status of Patients with Epilepsy}, abstract ={Many patients with epilepsy suffer also from coexisting psychological problems. These mental co-morbidities have a significant impact on quality of life of patients with epilepsy. Recent studies have shown that although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) treat epilepsy, they may increase risk of mental disorders in these patients . Due to the lack of adequate research in this area, we assessed psychiatric disorders in patients with idiopathic tonic-clonic seizure who were treated with antiepileptic drugs . This descriptive-cross-sectional research was conducted on 170 patients with tonic-clonic seizure using the SCL-90-R questionnaire and the results were analyzed by descriptive statistics, T test and chi-square test . The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients was 38.8%. All antiepileptic drugs were associated with different kind of mental disorders but there wasn’t any relationship between mental disorders and any type of antiepileptic drug except psychosis that was significantly lower in sodium valproate consumers ( p ? 0.001). Our findings show that a subgroup of epileptic patients is generally prone to develop mental disorders during antiepileptic therapy, despite different pharmacological properties of the AEDs. Negative psychotropic effects of AEDs should be considered in treatment of patients with epilepsy.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {66-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-259-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-259-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Rabbani, Syed Arman and Ali, Syed Mahtab}, title = {Pharmacological Studies on Khamira Marwarid: Effect on Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures, Cognition and Biochemical Markers in Mice}, abstract ={Cognitive impairment in epileptics may be a consequence of the epileptogenic process as well as antiepileptic medication. Thus, there is need for drugs, which can suppress epileptogenesis as well as prevent cognitive impairment. In the present study, the effect of Khamira Marwarid (KAH 1 ), a formulation based on Indian system of Unani medicine, was evaluated on the course of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures, learning deficit and oxidative stress markers in mice. Male albino mice were injected PTZ (65 mg/kg sc) on the 5 th day of the treatment for the development of seizures. Spontaneous Alternation Behaviour was carried out on the 1 st and the 5 th day of the treatment after PTZ administration, while the oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde and glutathione) were measured in the whole brain upon the completion of the behavioural assessment. The administration of Khamira Marwarid (KAH 1 ), 50 mg/kg significantly decreased the PTZ-induced seizures and showed improvement in the learning deficit induced by PTZ as evidenced by the increased latency time and frequency of jerks and improvement in SAB. The findings suggest the potential of Khamira Marwarid (KAH 1 ) as adjuvant to antiepileptic drugs with an added advantage of preventing cognitive impairment.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {71-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-258-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-258-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Torabi, Mehdi}, title = {Successful Treatment of Aluminium Phosphide Poisoning: A Case Report}, abstract ={Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is used to kill rodents in grain storage. It produces phosphine gas which is toxic for mitochondria. The exact mechanism of action is unclear, but phosphine is thought to produce toxicity by blocking cytochrome-c oxidase, which inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and result in cell death. This poisoning has a high mortality, and survival is unlikely if more than 1.5 g is ingested. Shock is the commonest and most important clinical feature and cause of death in phosphine poisoning. AlP poisoning if not treated causes death within 24 hours, presumably due to cardiogenic shock. The high mortality is due to the rapid onset of shock, metabolic acidosis, cardiac arrhythmias and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Here, a case of 27–year-old woman with intentional ingestion 2 AlP tablets (6 g) is reported. She was admitted to Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman with symptoms and signs of shock. Because of refractory hypotension to crystalloid and vasopressor, we started glucagon. After 72 hours, there was no symptom and sign of shock, vital signs became stable and drugs were tapered. She was discharged to psychiatry ward 6 days after initial admission with full recovery. In Conclusion, early administration of glucagon to AlP poisoning patients in refractory shock may be helpful but this needs to be confirmed by further studies.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {12}, Number = {2}, pages = {77-0}, publisher = {4}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, url = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-257-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpt.iums.ac.ir/article-1-257-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics}, issn = {9}, eissn = {10}, year = {2014} }